The familiar rhythm of hurricanes is:
- they form far offshore, many days before they can threaten much more than a passing ship
- scientists study them and develop forecasts of their future path and strength
- while they wait, people have days to hunker down or evacuate, if need be, depending on the storm’s expected power
Climate change is disrupting that rhythm in dangerous ways. It isn’t necessarily making hurricanes more frequent, but it is making them much more likely to develop into Otis-like monsters overnight.
The fastest-strengthening Atlantic tropical storms intensified almost 29% more quickly, on average, between 2001 and 2020 than similar storms 30 years earlier, according to a study published last week in the Nature journal Scientific Reports. The number of storms that have gone from a Category 1 or weaker to a Category 3 or stronger in just 36 hours has more than doubled in that time. Prime examples include 2017’s deadly Hurricane Maria; Harvey and Irma from that same year; Ida in 2021 and Ian in 2022.
How has climate change made this more likely? The oceans have absorbed more than 90% of the heat humans have created by burning fossil fuels and releasing carbon dioxide and other planet-warming greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. That has pushed ocean water to record highs. And that superheated water is like funny-car fuel for hurricanes.
Kerry Emanuel PhD in the Journal of the American Meteorological Society, March 1, 2017:
Continue reading “As Predicted: StormWorld is Our New Reality”Hurricane track forecasts have improved steadily over the past few decades, yet forecasting hurricane intensity remains challenging. Of special concern are the rare instances of tropical cyclones that intensify rapidly just before landfall, catching forecasters and populations off guard, thereby risking large casualties. Here, we review two historical examples of such events and use scaling arguments and models to show that rapid intensification just before landfall is likely to become increasingly frequent and severe as the globe warms.











